{"id":276367,"date":"2024-10-19T18:36:02","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T18:36:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/asme-b31-1-2018\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T15:02:36","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T15:02:36","slug":"asme-b31-1-2018","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/asme\/asme-b31-1-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"ASME B31.1 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

ASME has been defining piping safety since 1922. ASME B31.1 prescribes minimum requirements for the design, materials, fabrication, erection, test, inspection, operation, and maintenance of piping systems typically found in electric power generating stations, industrial and institutional plants, geothermal heating systems, and central and district heating and cooling systems. It also covers boiler-external piping for power boilers and high-temperature, high pressure water boilers in which steam or vapor is generated at a pressure of more than 15 psig; and high temperature water is generated at pressures exceeding 160 psig and\/or temperatures exceeding 250 degrees F. Key changes to this revision include: – New and updated figures for Code Jurisdictional Limits on Piping – New Mandatory Appendix on Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints – New Mandatory Appendix on Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Acceptance Criteria – Reference to ASME CA-1, Conformity Assessment Requirements ASME B31.1 is one of ASME\u2019s most requested codes, widely adopted by jurisdictions worldwide. It is prominently referenced in ASME\u2019s Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I. This Code serves as a companion to ASME\u2019s B31.3 Code on Process Piping as well as to the other codes in ASME\u2019s B31 series. Together, they remain essential references for anyone engaged with piping. Intended for manufacturers, designers, operators and owners of piping systems including, but not limited to, steam, water, oil, gas, and air services, plus all potential governing entities.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nASME B31 COMMITTEE ROSTER <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\nINTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\nASME B31.1-2018 SUMMARY OF CHANGES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\nFigures and Tables Redesignated in ASME B31.1\u20132018 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\nChapter I Scope and Definitions
100 GENERAL
100.1 Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n100.2 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nFigures
Figure 100.1.2-1 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping\u2014An Example of Forced Flow Steam Generators With No Fixed Steam or Waterline <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-2 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 An Example of Steam Separator Type Forced Flow Steam Generators With No Fixed Steam or Waterline <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-3 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 Drum-Type Boilers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-4 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 Isolable Economizers Located in Feedwater Piping and Isolable Superheaters in Main Steam Piping (Boiler Pressure Relief Valves, Blowoff, and Miscellaneous Piping for Boiler Proper Not Shown for Clarity) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-5 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 Reheaters and Nonintegral Separately Fired Superheaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-6 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 Spray-Type Desuperheater <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nFigure 100.1.2-7 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping \u2014 HRSG \u2014 Desuperheater Protection Devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\nChapter II Design
101 DESIGN CONDITIONS
101.1 General
101.2 Pressure
101.3 Temperature
101.4 Ambient Influences
101.5 Dynamic Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n101.6 Weight Effects
101.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Loads
102 DESIGN CRITERIA
102.1 General
102.2 Pressure\u2013Temperature Ratings for Piping Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n102.3 Allowable Stress Values and Other Stress Limits for Piping Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n102.4 Allowances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nTables
Table 102.4.3-1 Longitudinal Weld Joint Efficiency Factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nFigure 102.4.5-1 Nomenclature for Pipe Bends
Table 102.4.5-1 Bend Thinning Allowance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nTable 102.4.6-1 Maximum Severity Level for Casting Thickness 41\u20442 in. (114 mm) or Less <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n103 CRITERIA FOR PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS
104 PRESSURE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS
104.1 Straight Pipe
Table 102.4.6-2 Maximum Severity Level for Casting Thickness Greater Than 41\u20442 in. (114 mm) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nTable 102.4.7-1 Weld Strength Reduction Factors to Be Applied When Calculating the Minimum Wall Thickness or Allowable Design Pressure of Components Fabricated With a Longitudinal Seam Fusion Weld <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n104.2 Curved Segments of Pipe
104.3 Intersections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nTable 104.1.2-1 Values of y <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\nFigure 104.3.1-1 Reinforcement of Branch Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\nFigure 104.3.1-2 Reinforced Extruded Outlets <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n104.4 Closures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n104.5 Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
104.6 Reducers
104.7 Other Pressure-Containing Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n104.8 Analysis of Piping Components
Figure 104.5.3-1 Types of Permanent Blanks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n105 PIPE
105.1 General
105.2 Metallic Pipe
105.3 Nonmetallic Pipe
106 FITTINGS, BENDS, AND INTERSECTIONS
106.1 Fittings
Figure 104.8.4-1 Cross Section Resultant Moment Loading <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n106.2 Bends and Intersections
106.3 Pipe Couplings and Unions
106.4 Flexible Metal Hose Assembly
107 VALVES
107.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n107.2 Marking
107.3 Ends
107.4 Stem Threads
107.5 Bonnet Joints
107.6 Bypasses
107.8 Pressure-Relieving Valves and Devices
108 PIPE FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, GASKETS, AND BOLTING
108.1 Flanges
108.2 Blanks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n108.3 Flange Facings
108.4 Gaskets
108.5 U.S. Customary Bolting
108.6 Metric Bolting
110 PIPING JOINTS
111 WELDED JOINTS
111.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n111.2 Butt Welds
111.3 Socket Welds
111.4 Fillet Welds
111.5 Seal Welds
112 FLANGED JOINTS
113 EXPANDED OR ROLLED JOINTS
114 THREADED JOINTS
114.1 Threads on Piping Components
114.2 Threaded Joints, Access Holes With Plugs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nTable 112-1 Piping Flange Bolting, Facing, and Gasket Requirements (Refer to Paras. 108, 110, and 112) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n114.3 Threaded Pipe Wall
115 FLARED, FLARELESS, AND COMPRESSION JOINTS, AND UNIONS
115.1 Compatibility
115.2 Pressure\u2013Temperature Ratings
115.3 Threads
115.4 Fitting and Gripping
116 BELL END JOINTS
116.1 Elastomeric-Gasket Joints
116.2 Caulked Joints
Table 114.2.1-1 Threaded Joints Limitations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n117 BRAZED AND SOLDERED JOINTS
117.1 Brazed Joints
117.2 Soldered Joints
117.3 Limitations
118 SLEEVE COUPLED AND OTHER PROPRIETARY JOINTS
119 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY
119.1 General
119.2 Displacement Stress Range
119.3 Local Overstrain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n119.5 Flexibility
119.6 Piping Properties
119.7 Flexibility Analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n119.8 Movements
119.9 Cold Spring
119.10 Reactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n120 LOADS ON PIPE-SUPPORTING ELEMENTS
120.1 General
120.2 Supports, Anchors, and Guides <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n121 DESIGN OF PIPE-SUPPORTING ELEMENTS
121.1 General
121.2 Allowable Stress Values
121.3 Temperature Limitations
121.4 Hanger Adjustments
121.5 Hanger Spacing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n121.6 Springs
121.7 Fixtures
Table 121.5-1 Suggested Steel Pipe Support Spacing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n121.8 Structural Attachments
Table 121.7.2-1 Carrying Capacity of Threaded ASTM A36, A575, and A576 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n121.9 Loads and Supporting Structures
121.10 Requirements for Fabricating Pipe Supports
122 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS PERTAINING TO SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS
122.1 Boiler External Piping; in Accordance With Para. 100.1.2(a) \u2014 Steam, Feedwater, Blowoff, and Drain Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\nFigure 122.1.7-1 Typical Globe Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n122.2 Blowoff and Blowdown Piping in Nonboiler External Piping
122.3 Instrument, Control, and Sampling Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\nTable 122.2-1 Design Pressure for Blowoff\/Blowdown Piping Downstream of BEP Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n122.4 Spray-Type Desuperheater Piping for Use on Steam Generators, Main Steam, and Reheat Steam Piping
Figure 122.4-1 Desuperheater Schematic Arrangement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n122.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves
122.6 Pressure Relief Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n122.7 Piping for Flammable or Combustible Liquids
122.8 Piping for Flammable Gases, Toxic Fluids (Gases or Liquids), or Nonflammable Nontoxic Gases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nTable 122.8.2-1 Minimum Wall Thickness Requirements for Toxic Fluid Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n122.9 Piping for Corrosive Liquids and Gases
122.10 Temporary Piping Systems
122.11 Steam Trap Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n122.12 Exhaust and Pump Suction Piping
122.13 Pump Discharge Piping
122.14 District Heating and Steam Distribution Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nChapter III Materials
123 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
123.1 Materials and Specifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n123.2 Piping Components
123.3 Pipe-Supporting Elements
123.4 Longitudinal-Welded or Spiral-Welded Pipe With Filler Metal Added
124 LIMITATIONS ON MATERIALS
124.1 Temperature Limitations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n124.2 Steel
124.4 Cast Gray Iron
124.5 Malleable Iron
124.6 Ductile (Nodular) Iron <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n124.7 Nonferrous Metals
124.8 Cladding and Lining Materials
124.9 Nonmetallic Pipe
124.10 Deterioration of Materials in Service
124.11 Gaskets
124.12 Bolting
125 CREEP STRENGTH ENHANCED FERRITIC MATERIALS
125.1 Requirements for ASTM A217, Grade C12A and ASTM A1091, Grade C91 Castings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nChapter IV Dimensional Requirements
126 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS FOR STANDARD AND NONSTANDARD PIPING COMPONENTS
126.1 Standard Piping Components
126.2 Nonstandard Piping Components
126.3 Referenced Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nTable 126.1-1 Specifications and Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nChapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
127 WELDING
127.1 General
127.2 Material
127.3 Preparation for Welding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\n127.4 Procedure
Figure 127.3-1 Butt Welding of Piping Components With Internal Misalignment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\nFigure 127.4.2-1 Welding End Transition \u2014 Maximum Envelope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nTable 127.4.2-1 Reinforcement of Girth and Longitudinal Butt Welds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\n127.5 Qualification
Figure 127.4.4-1 Fillet Weld Size <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nFigure 127.4.4-2 Welding Details for Slip-On and Socket-Welding Flanges; Some Acceptable Types of Flange Attachment Welds
Figure 127.4.4-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions Required for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges
Figure 127.4.8-1 Typical Welded Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement
Figure 127.4.8-2 Typical Welded Branch Connection With Additional Reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n127.6 Welding Records
128 BRAZING AND SOLDERING
128.1 General
128.2 Materials
Figure 127.4.8-3 Typical Welded Angular Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\n128.3 Preparation
128.4 Procedure
128.5 Brazing Qualification
Figure 127.4.8-4 Some Acceptable Types of Welded Branch Attachment Details Showing Minimum Acceptable Welds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\nFigure 127.4.8-5 Some Acceptable Details for Integrally Reinforced Outlet Fittings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nFigure 127.4.8-6 Typical Full Penetration Weld Branch Connections for NPS 3 (DN 80) and Smaller Half Couplings or Adapters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n128.6 Brazing Records
129 BENDING AND FORMING
129.1 Bending
129.2 Forming
129.3 Heat Treatment of Bends and Formed Components
Figure 127.4.8-7 Typical Partial Penetration Weld Branch Connection for NPS 2 (DN 50) and Smaller Fittings
Table 129.3.1-1 Approximate Lower Critical Temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\nTable 129.3.3.1-1 Post Cold-Forming Strain Limits and Heat-Treatment Requirements for Creep-Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n130 REQUIREMENTS FOR FABRICATING AND ATTACHING PIPE SUPPORTS
130.1 Pipe Supports
130.2 Alternate Pipe Supports
130.3 Pipe Support Welds
131 WELDING PREHEAT
131.1 Minimum Preheat Requirements
131.2 Different P-Number Materials
131.3 Preheat Temperature Verification
131.4 Preheat Temperature
131.6 Interruption of Welding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nTable 129.3.4.1-1 Post Cold-Forming Strain Limits and Heat-Treatment Requirements for Austenitic Materials and Nickel Alloys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n132 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT
132.1 Minimum PWHT Requirements
Table 131.4.1-1 Preheat Temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nTable 132.1.1-1 Postweld Heat Treatment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n132.2 Mandatory PWHT Requirements
132.3 Exemptions to Mandatory PWHT Requirements
132.4 Definition of Thicknesses Controlling PWHT
Table 132.1.1-2 Alternate Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, P-Nos. 1 and 3
Table 132.1.3-1 Postweld Heat Treatment of P36\/F36 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nTable 132.2-1 Exemptions to Mandatory Postweld Heat Treatment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n132.5 PWHT Heating and Cooling Requirements
132.6 Furnace Heating
132.7 Local Heating
133 STAMPING
135 ASSEMBLY
135.1 General
135.2 Alignment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n135.3 Bolted Flanged Connections
135.4 Packed Joints and Caulked Joints
135.5 Threaded Piping
135.6 Tubing Joints
135.7 Ductile Iron Bell End Piping
Figure 135.5.3-1 Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\nChapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing
136 INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION
136.1 Inspection
136.2 Inspection and Qualification of Authorized Inspector for Boiler External Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n136.3 Examination
136.4 Examination Methods of Welds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nTable 136.4.1-1 Mandatory Minimum Nondestructive Examinations for Pressure Welds or Welds to Pressure-Retaining Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\nTable 136.4.1-2 Weld Imperfections Indicated by Various Types of Examination <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\n137 PRESSURE TESTS
137.1 General Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\n137.2 Preparation for Testing
137.3 Requirements for Specific Piping Systems
137.4 Hydrostatic Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\n137.5 Pneumatic Testing
137.6 Mass-Spectrometer and Halide Testing
137.7 Initial Service Testing
137.8 Retesting After Repair or Additions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\nChapter VII Operation and Maintenance
138 GENERAL
139 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
140 CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF CPS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\n141 CPS RECORDS
141.1 General
141.2 Materials
141.3 Installation, Modification, and Repair Records
141.4 Failure Analysis
141.5 Restoration After Failure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\n142 PIPING AND PIPE-SUPPORT MAINTENANCE PROGRAM AND PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
142.1 Maintenance Program
142.2 Personnel
144 CPS WALKDOWNS
145 MATERIAL DEGRADATION MECHANISMS
146 DYNAMIC LOADING <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDICES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX A ALLOWABLE STRESS TABLES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\nTable A-1 Carbon Steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nTable A-2 Low and Intermediate Alloy Steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\nTable A-3 Stainless Steels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\nTable A-4 Nickel and High Nickel Alloys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\nTable A-5 Cast Iron <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\nTable A-6 Copper and Copper Alloys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
221<\/td>\nTable A-7 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
231<\/td>\nTable A-8 Temperatures 1,200\u00b0F and Above <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
239<\/td>\nTable A-9 Titanium and Titanium Alloys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
243<\/td>\nTable A-10 Bolts, Nuts, and Studs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX B THERMAL EXPANSION DATA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nTable B-1 Thermal Expansion Data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
255<\/td>\nTable B-1 (SI) Thermal Expansion Data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
260<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX C MODULI OF ELASTICITY <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
261<\/td>\nTable C-1 Moduli of Elasticity for Ferrous Material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
262<\/td>\nTable C-1 (SI) Moduli of Elasticity for Ferrous Material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
263<\/td>\nTable C-2 Moduli of Elasticity for Nonferrous Material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
265<\/td>\nTable C-2 (SI) Moduli of Elasticity for Nonferrous Material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
267<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX D FLEXIBILITY AND STRESS INTENSIFICATION FACTORS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
268<\/td>\nTable D-1 Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
272<\/td>\nFigure D-1 Branch Connection Dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
273<\/td>\nFigure D-2 Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, I <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
274<\/td>\nFigure D-3 Correction Factor, c <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX F REFERENCED STANDARDS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
279<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX G NOMENCLATURE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
285<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX H PREPARATION OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES
H-1 INTRODUCTION
H-2 REQUIREMENTS
H-3 SUBMITTAL <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX N RULES FOR NONMETALLIC PIPING AND PIPING LINED WITH NONMETALS
FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
288<\/td>\nChapter N-I Scope and Definitions
N-100 GENERAL
N-100.1 Scope
N-100.2 Definitions and Abbreviations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
290<\/td>\nFigure N-100.2.1-1 Winding Angle of Filament-Wound Thermosetting Resin Pipe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
291<\/td>\nChapter N-II Design
N-101 DESIGN CONDITIONS
N-101.1 General
N-101.2 Pressure
N-101.3 Temperature
N-102 DESIGN CRITERIA
N-102.1 General
N-102.2 Pressure\u2013Temperature Ratings for Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\nN-102.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Limits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\nTable N-102.2.1-1 Hydrostatic Design Stresses (HDS) and Recommended Temperature Limits for Thermoplastic Piping Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
294<\/td>\nTable N-102.2.1-2 Design Stresses (DS) and Recommended Temperature Limits for Laminated Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Piping Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
295<\/td>\nTable N-102.2.1-3 Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB) for Machine-Made Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe
N-102.4 Allowances
N-103 CRITERIA FOR PRESSURE DESIGN <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
296<\/td>\nFigure N-102.3.1-1 Typical Allowable Stress Curve for Filament-Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe
N-104 PRESSURE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS
N-104.1 Straight Pipe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
297<\/td>\nN-104.2 Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
N-104.3 Intersections
N-104.4 Closures
N-104.5 Pressure Design of Flanges <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
298<\/td>\nN-104.6 Reducers
N-104.7 Design of Other Components
N-105 PIPE
N-106 FITTINGS
N-106.1 Listed Fittings
N-106.2 Unlisted Fittings
N-107 VALVES
N-107.1 Listed Valves
N-107.2 Unlisted Valves
N-110 GENERAL
N-111 BONDED JOINTS
N-111.1 General Limitations
N-111.2 Specific Limitations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
299<\/td>\nN-112 FLANGED JOINTS
N-113 EXPANDED OR ROLLED JOINTS
N-114 THREADED JOINTS
N-114.1 General Limitations
N-114.2 Specific Limitations
N-115 FLARED LINING JOINTS FOR METALLIC PIPING LINED WITH NONMETALS
N-116 BELL END JOINTS
N-118 PROPRIETARY JOINTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\nN-119 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY
N-119.1 General Concepts
N-119.5 Flexibility
N-119.5.1
N-119.5.2
N-119.5.3
N-119.6 Properties for Flexibility Analysis
N-119.6.1 Thermal Expansion Data.
N-119.6.2 Modulus of Elasticity.
N-119.6.3 Poisson’s Ratio.
N-119.6.4 Dimensions.
N-119.6.5 Metallic Pipe Lined With Nonmetals. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
301<\/td>\nTable N-119.6.1-1 Thermal Expansion Coefficients, Nonmetals
N-119.7 Analysis
N-119.7.1
N-119.7.2
N-119.7.3
N-120 LOADS ON PIPE-SUPPORTING ELEMENTS
N-121 DESIGN OF PIPE-SUPPORTING ELEMENTS
N-121.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
302<\/td>\nTable N-119.6.2-1 Modulus of Elasticity, Nonmetals
N-121.11 Thermoplastic and RTR Piping
N-121.12 Burial of Thermoplastic and RTR Pipe
N-122 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS PERTAINING TO SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS
N-122.7 Piping for Flammable or Combustible Liquids <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
303<\/td>\nN-122.8 Piping for Flammable Gases, Toxic Gases or Liquids, or Nonflammable Nontoxic Gases
N-122.9 Piping for Corrosive Liquids and Gases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\nChapter N-III Materials
N-123 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
N-123.1 Materials and Specifications
N-124 LIMITATIONS ON MATERIALS
N-124.1 Temperature Limitations
N-124.9 Installation Limitations for Nonmetallic Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
305<\/td>\nN-125 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS: JOINING AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
306<\/td>\nChapter N-IV Specifications and Standard Data
N-126 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS
N-126.1 Standard Piping Components
N-126.2 Nonstandard Piping Components
N-126.3 Reference Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
307<\/td>\nTable N-126.1-1 Nonmetallic Material and Product Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
309<\/td>\nChapter N-V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
N-127 BONDING PLASTIC JOINTS
N-127.1 General
N-127.5 Qualification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
310<\/td>\nN-127.6 Qualification Records
N-127.7 Thermoplastic Pipe Joints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
311<\/td>\nFigure N-127.7.1-1 Solvent-Cemented Joint
Figure N-127.7.2-1 Heat Fusion Joints
N-127.8 FRP Pipe Joints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
312<\/td>\nFigure N-127.7.3-1 Thermoplastic Electrofusion Joints
Figure N-127.8.1-1 Thermosetting Resin Joints
N-127.9 Welding of Metallic Piping Lined With Nonmetals
N-129 BENDING AND FORMING
N-129.1 Bending
N-129.2 Component Forming
N-135 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION
N-135.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
313<\/td>\nN-135.3 Bolted Flanged Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
314<\/td>\nChapter N-VI Examination, Inspection, and Testing
N-136 GENERAL
N-136.1 Inspection
N-136.3 Examination
N-136.4 Examination Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
315<\/td>\nTable N-136.4.1-1 Acceptance Criteria for Bonds
N-137 PRESSURE TESTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
316<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX O USE OF ALTERNATIVE ULTRASONIC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
O-1 GENERAL
O-2 SCOPE
O-3 EQUIPMENT
O-4 PERSONNEL
O-5 EXAMINATION
O-6 DATA RECORDING
O-7 DATA ANALYSIS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
317<\/td>\nFigure O-8-1 Surface and Subsurface Indications
O-8 DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION
O-9 DISCONTINUITY ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
318<\/td>\nTable O-9-1 Discontinuity Acceptance Criteria for Weld Thickness Under 1.0 in. (25 mm)
Table O-9-2 Surface Discontinuity Acceptance Criteria for Weld Thickness 1.0 in. (25 mm) and Over
Table O-9-3 Subsurface Discontinuity Acceptance Criteria for Weld Thickness 1.0 in. (25 mm) and Over <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
319<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX P METALLIC BELLOWS EXPANSION JOINTS
P-1 GENERAL
P-2 PIPING DESIGNER RESPONSIBILITIES
P-2.1 Expansion Joint Design Conditions
P-2.2 Piping Design Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
320<\/td>\nP-3 EXPANSION JOINT MANUFACTURER RESPONSIBILITIES
P-3.1 Expansion Joint Design
P-3.2 Expansion-Joint Manufacture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
323<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDICES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
324<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX II RULES FOR THE DESIGN OF SAFETY VALVE INSTALLATIONS
FOREWORD
II-1 SCOPE AND DEFINITION
II-1.1 Scope
II-1.2 Definitions (Valve Descriptions Follow the Definitions Given in ASME BPVC, Section I) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
325<\/td>\nII-2 LOADS
II-2.1 Thermal Expansion
II-2.2 Pressure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
326<\/td>\nFigure II-1.2-1 Safety Valve Installation (Closed Discharge System) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
327<\/td>\nFigure II-1.2-2 Safety Valve Installation (Open Discharge System) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
328<\/td>\nFigure II-2.2.1-1 Discharge Elbow (Open Discharge Installation)
Table II-2.2.1-1 Values of a and b <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
329<\/td>\nFigure II-2.2.1-2 Compressible Flow Analysis
II-2.3 Reaction Forces From Valve Discharge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
330<\/td>\nFigure II-2.2.1-3 Vent Pipe (Open Discharge Installation) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
331<\/td>\nII-2.4 Other Mechanical Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
332<\/td>\nII-3 BENDING MOMENT COMPUTATIONS
II-3.1 General
II-3.2 Thermal Expansion Analysis
II-3.3 Deadweight Analysis
II-3.4 Earthquake Analysis
II-3.5 Analysis for Reaction Forces Due to Valve Discharge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
333<\/td>\nII-4 LOADING CRITERIA AND STRESS COMPUTATION
II-4.1 Loading Criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
334<\/td>\nFigure II-3.5.1.3-1 Safety Valve Installation (Open Discharge System)
II-4.2 Stress Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
335<\/td>\nFigure II-3.5.1.3-2 Dynamic Load Factors for Open Discharge System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
336<\/td>\nII-5 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
II-5.1 General
II-5.2 Geometry
II-5.3 Types of Valves and Installations
II-5.4 Installation Branch Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
337<\/td>\nII-5.5 Water in Installation Piping
II-5.6 Discharge Stacks
II-5.7 Support Design
II-5.8 Silencer Installation
II-6 SAMPLE DESIGNS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
338<\/td>\nFigure II-6-1 Examples of Safety Valve Installations
II-7 SAMPLE PROBLEM (SEE FIGURE II-7-1 AND FIGURE II-7-2)
II-7.1 Procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
339<\/td>\nFigure II-7-1 Sample Problem Figure 1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
340<\/td>\nFigure II-7-2 Sample Problem Figure 2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
343<\/td>\nFigure II-7.1.9-1 Sample Problem Figure 3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
344<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX IV CORROSION CONTROL FOR ASME B31.1 POWER PIPING SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
IV-1 GENERAL
IV-1.1 Recommended Guidance
IV-1.2 Protection of All Piping Systems
IV-2 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR BURIED OR SUBMERGED PIPELINES
IV-2.1 General
IV-2.2 Protective Coating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
345<\/td>\nIV-2.3 Cathodic Protection System
IV-2.4 Electrical Isolation
IV-2.5 Electrical Interference
IV-3 INTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL
IV-3.1 General
IV-3.2 Inhibitors
IV-3.3 Linings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
346<\/td>\nIV-3.4 Precautions at Hydrotesting
IV-4 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR PIPING EXPOSED TO THE ATMOSPHERE
IV-5 MONITORING OF PIPE WALL THINNING DUE TO EROSION\/CORROSION
IV-5.1 Definition
IV-5.2 Systems and Components Susceptible to Erosion\/Corrosion
IV-5.3 Methods of Detection
IV-5.4 Acceptance Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
347<\/td>\nTable IV-5.2-1 Erosion\/Corrosion Rates
IV-5.5 Repair\/Replacement Procedures
IV-5.6 References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
348<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX V RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND MODIFICATION OF POWER PIPING SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
V-1 DEFINITIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
349<\/td>\nV-2 GENERAL
V-2.1 Application
V-2.2 Conformance
V-2.3 Requirements
V-3 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
V-3.1 General
V-3.2 Documentation
V-4 REQUIREMENTS OF THE OPERATING, MAINTENANCE, AND MODIFICATION PROCEDURES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
350<\/td>\nV-5 PIPING AND PIPE SUPPORT MAINTENANCE PROGRAM AND PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
V-5.1 Maintenance Program
V-5.2 Personnel
V-6 MATERIAL RESTORATION
V-6.1 Material Condition After Failure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
351<\/td>\nV-6.2 Inspection Program for Materials With Adverse History
V-6.3 Nondestructive Examination
V-7 CPS POSITION HISTORY
V-7.1 General
V-7.2 Visual Survey
V-7.3 Piping Position Markers
V-7.4 Pipe Supports on CPS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
352<\/td>\nV-7.5 CPS Records
V-7.6 Recommendations
V-8 PIPING CORROSION
V-8.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353<\/td>\nForms
Form V-7.5-1 Piping System Support Design Details <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
354<\/td>\nForm V-7.5-2 Hot Walkdown of Piping System Supports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
355<\/td>\nForm V-7.5-3 Cold Walkdown of Piping System Supports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
356<\/td>\nV-8.2 Procedures
V-8.3 Records
V-8.4 Examination of Records
V-8.5 Frequency of Examination
V-9 PIPING ADDITION TO EXISTING PLANTS
V-9.1 Piping Classification
V-9.2 Duplicate Components
V-9.3 Replacement Piping and Piping Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
357<\/td>\nV-10 PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES
V-10.1 General
V-10.2 Inspection, Testing, and Adjustment
V-10.3 Operation
V-11 DYNAMIC LOADING
V-11.1 Water Hammer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
358<\/td>\nFigure V-12.1.2-1 Effect of Various Steady Operating Temperatures on Time to Failure Due to Creep
V-11.2 Steam Hammer
V-12 CREEP
V-12.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
359<\/td>\nV-12.2 Procedures
V-12.3 Records
V-12.4 Examination of Records
V-12.5 Frequency of Examination
V-13 RERATING PIPING SYSTEMS
V-13.1 Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
360<\/td>\nV-14 REPAIR OF PIPING SYSTEMS
V-14.1 Guidance for Repairs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
362<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX VII PROCEDURES FOR THE DESIGN OF RESTRAINED UNDERGROUND PIPING
FOREWORD
VII-1 SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
VII-1.1 Scope
VII-1.2 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
363<\/td>\nVII-1.3 Nomenclature
VII-2 LOADS
VII-2.1 Thermal Expansion
VII-2.2 Pressure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
364<\/td>\nVII-2.3 Earthquake
VII-3 CALCULATIONS
VII-3.1 Assembling the Data
VII-3.2 Calculations of Intermediate Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
365<\/td>\nTable VII-3.2.3-1 Approximate Safe Working Values of CD for Use in Modified Marston Formula
VII-3.3 Classification of the Pipe Runs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
366<\/td>\nFigure VII-3.3.2-1 Element Category A, Elbow or Bend
Figure VII-3.3.2-2 Element Category B, Branch Pipe Joining the P Leg
Figure VII-3.3.2-3 Element Category C, Tee on End of P Leg
Figure VII-3.3.2-4 Element Category D, Straight Pipe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
367<\/td>\nVII-4 COMPUTER MODELING OF BURIED PIPING
VII-4.1 Determination of Stresses
VII-4.2 Determination of Element Lengths <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
368<\/td>\nVII-4.3 Determination of Soil Parameters
VII-4.4 Pipe With Expansion Joints
VII-4.5 Pipe Stresses at Building Penetrations
VII-5 ALLOWABLE STRESS IN BURIED PIPE
VII-6 EXAMPLE CALCULATIONS
VII-6.1 Assemble the Data
VII-6.2 Calculate the Intermediate Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
369<\/td>\nFigure VII-5-1 Plan of Example Buried Pipe
VII-6.3 Classification of Runs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
370<\/td>\nTable VII-6.3-1 Equations for Calculating Effective Length L\u2032 or L\u2033
VII-6.4 Computer Modeling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
371<\/td>\nFigure VII-6.4.4-1 Computer Model of Example Pipe
VII-6.5 Results of Analysis
VII-6.6 Anchor Load Example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
372<\/td>\nFigure VII-6.6-1 Example Plan of Element 1 as a Category D Element
VII-7 REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
373<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX VIII GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING IF LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE REQUIREMENTS APPLY <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
374<\/td>\nTable VIII-1 Low-Temperature Service Requirements by Material Group <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
376<\/td>\nTable VIII-2 Material Groupings by Material Specification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ASME B31.1 – 2018: Power Piping<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ASME<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2018<\/td>\n382<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":276372,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2643],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-276367","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-asme","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/276367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=276367"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=276367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}