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ASHRAE Book PUE 2013

ASHRAE Book PUE 2013

$42.79

ASHRAE PUE (Tm): A Comprehensive Examination of the Metric

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASHRAE 2013 92
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Power usage effectiveness (PUE™), the industry-preferred metric for measuring infrastructure energy efficiency for data centers, is an end-user tool that helps boost energy efficiency in data center operations. This new book provides a high level of understanding of the concepts surrounding PUE, plus in-depth application knowledge and resources to those implementing, reporting, and analyzing data center metrics. It gives actionable information useful to a broad audience ranging from novice to expert in the IT industry, including C-suite executives, facility planners, facility operators, ITE manufacturers, HVAC&R manufacturers, consulting engineers, energy audit professionals, and end users. PUE was developed by The Green Grid Association, a nonprofit, open industry consortium of end users, policy makers, technology providers, facility architects, and utility companies working to improve the resource efficiency of information technology and data centers worldwide. Since its original publication in 2007, PUE has been globally adopted by the industry, and The Green Grid has continued to refine the metric measurement methodology with collaborative industry feedback. For this book, The Green Grid and ASHRAE TC 9.9 consolidated all their previously published material related to PUE and included new material as well. The content includes detailed information on procedures for calculating, reporting, and analyzing PUE measurements, plus quick references to other resources in print and online. For all who implement and report on data center energy use metrics, it is an essential guide. Keywords: PUE, Partial PUE, PUE Scalability, Data Center, Power Usage Effectiveness, IT Power, Facility Power, Reporting PUE, Calculating PUE, Energy, Power, Mixed-Use Facility, Data center energy efficiency

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 PUE: AComprehensive Examinationof the Metric
6 Contributors
8 Contents
10 Preface
12 Chapter 1
Introduction
16 Chapter 2
Metric List and Intended Use
18 Chapter 3
An Overview of PUE
3.1 PUE DEFINITION
20 Chapter 4
More about PUE
21 Figure 4.1 Illustration of how PUE would be calculated in a data center.
4.1 PUE CALCULATION CONSIDERATIONS
22 Table 4.1 High Level Breakdown of TGG’s Three-Level Approach to PUE Measurement
4.2 PUE MEASUREMENT LEVELS
23 Figure 4.2 Graphical representation of the three PUE measurement levels for a typical data center.
25 4.3 COMPONENT CLASSIFICATION
4.4 MEASURING ENERGY USAGE
26 Table 4.2 Classification of Subcomponents within IT and Facility Equipment Categories in Typical Data Center (Continued)
28 Figure 4.3 Overview of subcomponents within a typical data center’s facility and IT equipment.
29 Table 4.3 High Level Breakdown of TGG’s Three-Level Approach to PUE Measurement
30 Figure 4.4 Monitoring and measurement points.
31 Figure 4.5 Hierarchy of critical power path measurement points.
32 4.5 FACTORS AFFECTING PUE
33 Figure 4.6 Sample illustration of relationship between PUE and outdoor temperature.
34 4.6 SOMETIMES PUE SEEMS TO GO THE WRONG WAY
4.7 IMPROVING PUE
35 4.8 PARTICIPANTS IN AND INFLUENCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUE
36 Table 4.4 Global Task Force Recommendations for PUE Measurement and Reporting
4.9 SOURCE ENERGY
37 Table 4.5 Global Source-Energy Weighting Factors*
4.10 ENERGY OR POWER
38 Table 4.6 U.S. Source-Energy Weighting Factors*
40 Chapter 5
Example Calculations— How to Measure PUE
5.1 HOW TO MEASURE PUE IN A DEDICATED data center FACILITY
41 Figure 5.1 Example PUE calculation for a data center that purchases all electricity.
42 Figure 5.2 Example PUE calculation for a data center that purchases electricity and chilled water.
43 Figure 5.3 Example PUE calculation for a data center that purchases natural gas.
44 Figure 5.4 Example PUE calculation for a data center that purchases electricity and natural gas.
45 Figure 5.5 Example PUE calculation for a data center with electricity and natural gas cogeneration.
5.2 HOW TO MEASURE PUE IN A MIXED-USE BUILDING
47 Figure 5.6 Control volume for dedicated data center.
48 Figure 5.7 Control volume for data center within mixed-use building.
52 Chapter 6
How to Report PUE
53 6.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OR REGISTRATION OF PUE RESULTS
Table 6.1 Green Grid Publicly Reported Metrics Results
54 Table 6.2 Additional Requirements for Registered Results
6.2 PUE NOMENCLATURE
55 Table 6.3 Additional Requirements for Certified Results
56 6.3 SUPPORTING DATA REQUIRED FOR REPORTED, REGISTERED, AND CERTIFIED PUE MEASUREMENTS
57 Table 6.4 PUE Reporting Examples
58 6.4 ADDITIONAL DETAILS ON PUE REPORTING GUIDELINES
6.5 REPORTING RESULTS TO TGG
59 6.6 COMMON ISSUES WITH REPORTING OR INTERPRETING PUE
62 Chapter 7
Partial PUE
63 7.1 DEFINITION OF Partial PUE
64 7.2 MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIP TO PUE
Figure 7.1 Boundaries and zones in a sample data center.
65 Figure 7.2 IT and non-IT energy in example zones.
66 Figure 7.3 Partial PUE usage example 1.
67 Figure 7.4 Partial PUE usage example 2.
69 Figure 7.5 Partial PUE usage example 3.
72 Chapter 8
PUE Scalability and Statistical Analysis
8.1 PROPORTIONAL data center POWER SCALABILITY
73 Figure 8.1 Proportional data center power scalabilities at several PUE values.
8.2 DETERMINING ACTUAL PUE SCALABILITY
74 Figure 8.2 Proportional power scaling in a data center with mean PUE = 2.0.
8.3 STATISTICAL ANALYSES OF DATA
76 Figure 8.3 Powertotal variations versus PowerIT.
77 8.4 PUE SCALABILITY
78 Figure 8.4 Actual PUE Scalability and standard deviation of Actual PUE Scalability.
79 8.5 INTERPRETING PUE SCALABILITY
82 Chapter 9
Conclusion
84 Glossary of Terms
88 References and Bibliography

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ASHRAE Book PUE 2013
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