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ASME B40.100 05:2005 Edition

ASME B40.100 05:2005 Edition

$98.04

ASME B40.100 Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2005 118
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PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
4 CONTENTS
5 FOREWORD
6 COMMITTEE ROSTER
7 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B40 COMMITTEE
8 PREFACE
10 ASME B40.1 GAUGES: PRESSURE INDICATING DIAL TYPE — ELASTIC ELEMENT
ASME B40.1 FIGURES
ASME B40.1 TABLES
ASME B40.1 NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
11 1 SCOPE
2 PRESSURE GAUGES, GENERAL
2.1 Pressure Terms
2.2 Pressure Gauge Components
2.3 Pressure Gauge Terminology
12 1 Basic Pressure Terms
1 Accuracy Grades
13 2 Pressure Gauge Components (C-Type Bourdon Illustrated)
14 3 Elastic Elements
15 4 Cases
16 5 Example of Dual Scale Dial
18 6 Cases/Mounting
19 7 Example of Retard Gauge
8 Example of Suppressed Scale Gauge
21 9 Recommended Case and Mounting Dimensions
22 3 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
3.1 Gauge Sizes
3.2 Typical Ranges
3.2.1 Positive Gauge Pressure.
23 3.2.2 Negative Gauge Pressure.
3.2.3 Compound Pressure.
3.2.4 Receiver
3.3 Construction
3.3.1 Cases.
3.3.1.1 General.
3.3.1.2 Cases With Pressure Relief Means.
3.3.1.3 Solid Front With Pressure Relief Back.
3.3.1.4 Open Front With Pressure Relief.
3.3.1.5 Mounting.
3.3.2 Dials
3.3.2.1 Common Units
24 3.3.2.2 Dial Information.
3.3.2.3 Scale Arcs.
3.3.2.4 Graduation Lines.
3.3.2.5 Graduation Near Zero.
3.3.3 Pointer
3.3.3.1 Length All Grades.
3.3.3.2 Tip Width Grades 4A and 3A.
25 3.3.3.3 Pointer Location.
3.3.4 Pointer Adjustment.
3.3.5 Pressure Connection
3.3.5.1 Location of Connection
3.3.5.2 Type of Connection.
3.3.6 Rings.
3.3.7 Internal Stop.
3.3.7.1 Maximum Stop.
3.3.7.2 Minimum Stop.
3.3.8 Windows
3.3.8.1 Laminated Glass.
3.3.8.2 Tempered Glass.
3.3.8.3 Plastic.
3.3.8.4 Plain Glass.
3.4 Accuracy
3.4.1 General Discussion
3.4.1.1
3.4.1.2
3.4.1.3
26 3.4.1.4
3.4.1.5
3.4.1.6
3.4.1.7
3.4.1.8
3.4.1.9
3.4.1.10
3.4.1.11
3.4.1.12
3.5 Installation
4 SAFETY
4.1 Scope
4.2 General Discussion
4.2.1
27 4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.2.7 Modes of Pressure Gauge Failure
4.2.7.1 Fatigue Failure.
4.2.7.2 Overpressure Failure.
28 4.2.7.3 Corrosion Failure.
4.2.7.4 Explosive Failure.
4.2.7.5 Vibration Failure.
4.2.7.6 Vibration-Induced Fatigue Failure.
4.2.7.7 Plugging.
4.2.8 Pressure Connection.
4.3 Safety Recommendations
4.3.1 Operating Pressure.
4.3.2 Use of Gauges Near Zero Pressure.
4.3.3 Compatibility With Medium
4.3.3.1 Wetted Parts.
4.3.3.2 Calibration Test Fluid.
4.3.4 Capability of a Pressure Element.
29 4.3.5 Special Applications.
4.3.6 Cases
4.3.6.1 Cases, Solid Front.
4.3.6.2 Cases, Liquid Filled.
4.3.7 Snubber.
4.3.8 Specific Service Conditions.
4.3.8.1 Acetylene Gauge.
4.3.8.2 Ammonia Gauge.
4.3.8.3 Chemical Gauge.
4.3.8.4 Oxygen Gauge.
4.4 Reuse of Pressure Gauges
5 CLEANLINESS
5.1 General
30 5.2 Cleanliness Levels
5.3 Inspection for Cleanliness
5.4 Packaging
6 PRESSURE GAUGE TESTING
6.1 Calibration Standards
6.1.1 General Discussion
6.1.1.1
6.1.1.2
6.1.1.3
2 Cleanliness Levels
31 6.1.1.4
6.1.1.5
6.1.1.6
6.1.1.7
6.1.2 Recommended Standards.
6.2 Verification Test Procedures
6.2.1 Reference Temperature All Grades.
6.2.2 Reference Barometric Pressure.
6.2.3 Calibration Standards.
6.2.4 Procedures
6.2.4.1 Accuracy
6.2.4.2 Repeatability.
6.2.4.3 Hysteresis.
7 ORDERING PARAMETERS AND RELATED STANDARDS
7.1 Order Checklist
7.1.1 Assistance Not Required.
32 7.1.2 Moderate Assistance Required.
7.1.3 Detailed Assistance Required.
7.2 Conversion Factors Customary Units to SI Units
7.3 Related Standards
34 A SOME DEFINITIONS AND SUGGESTED TEST PROCEDURES USED TO MEASURE NEW GAUGE PERFORMANCE
A-1 SCOPE
A-2 EVALUATION PROCEDURES
A-2.1 Error, Position
A-2.2 High Temperature Error
A-2.3 Low Temperature Error
A-2.4 Storage Temperature
A-2.5 Vibration
A-2.5.1 Vibration Tests.
A-2.5.2 Exploratory Vibration Tests.
35 A-2.5.3 Endurance Test.
A-2.6 Pressure, Proof
A-2.7 Pressure, Rupture
36 A-2.8 Fatigue
A-2.9 Liquid-Filled Gauges — Seal Integrity and Stability
A-2.10 Case — Slow Leak Test
37 B GAUGES USED ON REGULATORS
B-1 SCOPE
B-2 RECOMMENDATIONS
B-2.1 General References
B-2.2 General Contents
B-2.2.1 Basic Terms.
B-2.2.2 General Requirements.
B-2.2.3 Safety Considerations.
B-2.2.4 Cleanliness Levels.
B-2.2.5 Testing Standards and Procedures.
B-2.2.6 Helpful Information.
B-2.3 Gauges Used on Regulators
B-2.3.1 Sizes.
B-2.3.2 Ranges.
B-2.3.3 Cases.
B-2.3.4 Dials.
B-2.3.4.1
B-2.3.4.2
B-2.3.4.3
B-2.3.5 Pointer Length.
B-2.3.6 Pressure Connection.
B-2.3.7 Windows.
38 B-2.3.8 Accuracy.
B-2.3.9 Safety.
B-2.3.10 Cleanliness.
B-2.3.11 Acetylene.
B-2.3.12 Pressure Gauge Testing.
B-3 INSTALLATION
B-3.1 References
B-3.2 General Precautions
B-3.3 Installation Precautions
39 B-3.4 Operation Precautions
B-4 Referenced Documents
40 C SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
C-1 SCOPE
C-2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
C-2.1 Gauge Sizes
C-2.2 Ranges
C-2.2.1 Positive Pressure.
C-2.2.2 Negative Pressure.
C-2.2.3 Compound Pressure.
C-2.2.4 Refrigerant Pressure.
C-2.2.4.1 Gauge Scale.
C-2.2.5 Suppressed.
C-2.2.6 Retard.
C-2.2.7 Caisson Pressure.
41 C-2.3 Construction
C-2.3.1 Case
C-2.3.1.1 Design.
C-2.3.1.2 Mounting.
C-2.3.2 Internal and Other Parts
C-2.3.2.1 Welding or Nicrobrazing.
C-2.3.2.2 Materials.
C-2.3.2.3 O-Ring.
C-2.3.3 Dials.
C-2.3.3.1 Units.
42 C-2.3.3.2 Markings.
C-2.3.4 Pointer.
C-2.3.5 Pressure Connection.
44 C-2.3.5.1 Location.
C-2.3.5.2 Type of Connection.
C-2.3.6 Windows.
C-2.3.7 Maximum Stop.
C-3 CLEANLINESS AND PACKAGING
C-3.1 Wetted Parts Cleanliness
C-3.2 Packaging
C-4 VERIFICATION
C-4.1 Responsibility for Inspection
C-4.1.1 Responsibility for Compliance.
C-4.2 Classification of Inspections
C-4.2.1 Qualification Inspection.
C-4.2.1.1 Sample Size.
C-4.2.2 Conformance Inspection.
C-4.2.3 Acceptance Criteria.
46 C-4.2.3.1 Lot.
C-5 TEST PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS
C-5.1 Examination
C-5.2 Accuracy
C-5.3 Friction Error
C-5.4 Repeatability
C-5.5 Inclination
C-5.6 Temperature
C-5.6.1 High Temperature Error.
C-5.6.2 Low Temperature Error.
C-5.7 Shock
47 C-5.7.1 Requirements for Ranges 0/60 lb/in. sup.2 and Above.
C-5.7.2 Requirements for Ranges 0/30 lb/in. sup.2 and Below.
C-5.8 Salt Spray
C-5.9 Load
C-5.10 Vibration
C-5.11 Pressure Cycling
C-5.11.1 Pressure Gauges.
C-5.11.2 Vacuum Gauges.
C-5.11.3 Compound Gauges.
C-5.11.4 Retard Gauges.
C-5.12 Elastic Element or Joining Means Failure
C-5.13 Pressure Rupture
C-6 ORDERING PARAMETERS
C-6.1 Acquisition Requirements
C-6.2 Part Identifying Number PIN Parameters
C-6.2.1 Part Identifying Number PIN Format.
C-6.2.2 Design.
49 C-6.2.3 Dial Size and Case Design.
C-6.2.4 Elastic Element.
C-6.2.5 Dial Color.
C-6.2.6 Pressure Connection and Connection Location.
C-6.2.7 Liquid Fill Case Fluid and Cleanliness.
50 C-6.2.8 Ranges.
C-7 OXYGEN PRESSURE GAUGES
C-7.1 Case
C-7.2 Dial
C-7.3 Pressure Connection
C-7.4 Ranges
C-7.5 Internal Dimensions
C-7.6 Liquid-Filled Gauges
C-7.7 Quality Control
C-7.8 Cleaning
C-7.9 Qualification and Conformance Inspection
C-8 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
52 ASME B40.2 DIAPHRAGM SEALS
ASME B40.2 FIGURES
53 1 SCOPE
2 DIAPHRAGM SEAL
2.1 Terminology and Definitions
54 2.2 Mounting of Diaphragm Seals
2.2.1 Threaded Connection.
2.2.2 Flanged Connection.
55 2.2.3 In-Line Connection.
2.3 Construction
2.3.1 Diaphragm.
2.3.2 Upper Housing.
2.3.2.1 Upper Housing, Continuous Duty.
1 Upper Housing, Continuous Duty
56 2.3.2.2 Upper Housing, Continuous Seal.
2.3.2.3 Upper Housing, Noncontinuous Duty.
2.3.2.4 Upper Housing, Removable.
2.3.2.5 Upper Housing, Nonremovable.
2.3.2.6 Upper Housing, Flush Flanged.
2.3.2.7 Upper Housing, Flush Flanged Seal Sandwiched With Backup Flange.
2.3.2.8 Upper Housing, Inserted Flange.
2.3.2.9 Upper Housing, Flanged Seal With Extended Diaphragm.
2.3.3 Lower Housing.
2 Upper Housing, Noncontinuous Duty
57 2.3.4 Mid-Housing Cleanout Ring.
2.3.5 Gasket.
2.3.6 Reinforcing Rings.
2.3.7 Fastening Methods.
2.3.8 Fill/Bleed Connection Optional Feature.
3 Upper Housing, Removable
58 4 Upper Housing, Removable
59 2.3.9 Instrument Connection.
2.3.9.1 Remote Instrument Attachment.
2.3.10 Process Connections Lower Housing.
2.3.10.1 Threaded.
2.3.10.2 Flanged.
5 Upper Housing, Nonremovable
60 6 Upper Housing, Flush Flanged
61 7 Upper Housing, Inserted Flange
8 Upper Housing, Flanged Seal
62 2.3.10.3 In-Line Flow-Through.
2.3.10.4 In-Line Seal Crevice Free.
9 Lower Housing
63 2.3.11 Flushing Connection Optional Feature.
2.3.11.1 Flushing Ring.
2.3.12 Sanitary Seals.
2.3.13 Gauge Isolators.
2.3.14 Pressure Ratings.
2.3.15 Locking Device Optional Feature.
2.4 Material Selection
2.4.1
10 Fastening Methods
64 2.4.2
2.4.3
11 Flanged Seal
65 2.4.4
2.4.5
2.4.6
2.4.7
2.4.8
2.4.9
2.4.10
2.5 Fill Fluids and Selection
2.5.1 Fill Fluid.
2.5.1.1 Physical Properties.
2.5.2 Fluid Selection.
12 Threaded Seal
66 2.5.2.1 Toxicity.
2.5.2.2 Medium and External Environmental Compatibility.
2.5.2.3 Instrument Compatibility.
2.5.2.4 Long Term Stability.
13 Flanged Seal With Sleeve
67 2.5.2.5 Effect of Temperature.
14 Butt Weld Seal
15 Socket Weld Seal
68 2.5.2.6 Storage Temperature.
2.5.2.7 Effect of Liquid Head.
2.5.2.8 Viscosity.
2.5.2.9 Vapor Pressure.
2.5.2.10 Compressibility.
16 Welded Seal Saddle
69 2.5.2.11 Other Considerations.
2.6 Selection of a Diaphragm Seal
2.6.1 Degradation of Accuracy.
2.6.2 Process Pressure.
2.6.3 Temperature.
2.6.4 Mounting
2.6.4.1 Mounting Style.
2.6.4.2 Mounting Method.
17 In-Line Seal (Crevice Free)
70 2.6.4.3 Process Connection.
2.6.5 Materials
2.6.5.1 Parts in Contact With the Medium.
2.6.5.2 Parts Not in Contact With Medium.
2.6.6 Instrument Connection.
2.6.7 Fill Fluid.
2.6.8 Other Features.
2.7 Reuse of Diaphragm Seals
2.7.1 Chemical Compatibility.
18 Flushing Ring
71 19 Gauge Isolator
72 2.7.2 Partial Fatigue.
2.7.3 Corrosion.
2.7.4 Other Considerations.
2.8 Safety
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
2.8.5
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.9 Filling Diaphragm Seals
2.9.1 Objective of the Filling Operation.
2.9.2 Filling Stations
2.9.3 Filling Procedures.
2.9.3.1 Filling Diaphragm Seal and Instrument After Assembly.
73 20 Sealed Setting
74 21 Fill Setting
75 2.9.3.2 Filling Diaphragm Seal and Instrument Before Assembly
2.9.3.3 Filling a Seal With Capillary Between the Seal and the Pressure Instrument.
2.10 Testing
2.10.1 Scope.
2.10.2 General.
2.10.3 Calibration Standards
2.10.3.1 General Discussion
2.10.3.2 Recommended Standards.
76 2.10.4 Test Procedures
2.10.4.1 General.
2.10.4.2 Procedures.
78 ASME B40.5 SNUBBERS
ASME B40.5 FIGURES
79 1 SCOPE
2 PURPOSE
3 GENERAL
3.1 Terminology Defined
3.2 Connections
3.2.1 Type of Connection.
3.3 Materials
3.4 Types of Snubbers
3.4.1 Fixed Orifice.
3.4.2 Valve.
3.4.3 Porous Metal.
3.4.4 Felt Plug — Fluid Filled.
80 3.4.5 Piston.
3.5 Selection
3.5.1 System Parameters.
3.5.1.1 Viscosity.
1 Fixed Orifice
2 Valve
3 Porous Metal
81 3.5.1.2 Pressure.
3.5.1.3 Rate of Pressure Change.
3.5.1.4 Amplitude of Pressure Change.
3.5.1.5 Volumetric Displacement of the Instrument.
3.5.1.6 System Pressure.
3.5.1.7 Suspended Solids.
3.5.1.8 Materials of Construction.
3.5.2 Consultation.
4 Felt Plug — Fluid Filled
5 Piston
82 3.6 Performance
3.6.1 Pressure Transmission Characteristics.
3.6.2 General.
3.6.3 Mechanical Vibration.
3.6.4 Existing Systems.
3.6.5 Response Time.
3.6.5.1 Response Time at Operating Pressure.
3.6.5.2 Response Time on Start-Up.
3.6.6 Temperature Effect on Response Time.
3.6.7 Location.
3.6.8 Entrapped Gas.
4 SAFETY
4.1 Scope
4.2 General Discussion
4.2.1 Planning.
4.2.2 Hazardous Systems and/or Conditions.
4.2.3 Unique Media.
4.2.4 Violent Effects.
83 4.2.5 Caution to Users
4.2.5.1 Contamination.
4.2.5.2 Reuse.
5 TESTING
5.1 General
5.2 Surge Generation
5.3 Comparison Testing
5.4 Test Fluid
5.5 Test
5.5.1 Temperature Effect.
5.5.2 Test Set-Up.
5.5.3 Desirable Snubber Output.
5.6 Equipmennt
5.6.1 Solenoids.
5.6.2 Twelve Foot Coil.
84 6 Test Set-Up
85 5.6.3 Transducer Location.
5.6.4 Needle Valves.
5.6.5 Temperature Measurement.
5.7 Test Procedure
7 Typical Input Surge
86 8 Desirable Snubber Output
87 ASME B40.5 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX
A SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
A-1 SCOPE
A-2 GENERAL
A-2.1 Connections
A-2.1.1 General Pressure Applications.
A-2.1.1.1 O-Ring Union Connection.
A-2.1.1.2 Flareless Bite Type Connection.
A-2.1.1.3 Pressure Transducer Connection.
A-2.1.1.4 Other Connections.
A-2.2 Materials
A-2.2.1 Recycled, Recovered, or Environmentally Preferable Materials.
A-2.2.2 Snubber Body.
A-2.2.2.1 Composition A.
A-2.2.2.2 Composition B.
A-2.2.2.3 Composition C.
A-2.2.2.4 Composition X.
88 A-2.2.2.5 Nonmetallic Materials.
A-2.2.2.5.1 O-Ring.
A-2.2.2.6 Porous Metal.
A-2.2.3 Snubber Body Size.
90 A-2.2.4 Marking.
A-2.2.4.1 Flow Direction.
A-2.2.4.2 Warning Label.
A-2.3 Cleaning and Packaging
A-3 VERIFICATION
A-3.1 Responsibility for Inspection
A-3.1.1 Responsibility for Compliance.
A-3.2 Classification of Inspections
A-3.2.1 Qualification Inspection.
A-3.2.1.1 Sample Size.
A-3.2.2 Conformance Inspection.
A-3.2.2.1 Lot.
A-3.2.2.2 Sampling.
A-3.2.2.3 Nonconformity.
91 A-3.2.3 Acceptance Criteria.
A-3.3 Test Conditions
A-3.4 General Examination
A-3.5 Test Procedures and Requirements
92 A-3.5.1 Steady-State Transmission.
A-3.5.2 Dampening.
A-3.5.2.1 Procedure.
A-3.5.3 Temperature
A-3.5.3.1 High Temperature.
93 A-3.5.3.2 Low Temperature.
A-3.5.3.3 Temperature Cycling.
A-3.5.4 Vibration.
AÃ3.5.4.1 Fixture.
A-3.5.5 Shock.
A-3.5.5.1 Fixture.
94 A-3.5.6 Pressure Integrity.
A-4 ORDERING PARAMETERS
A-4.1 Acquisition Requirements
A-4.2 Part Identifying Number PIN Parameters
A-4.2.1 Part Identifying Number PIN Format.
A-4.2.2 Types.
A-4.2.3 Class.
A-4.2.4 Composition.
A-4.2.5 End Connection.
A-4.2.6 Cleanliness.
95 A-5 REFERENCES
96 ASME B40.6 PRESSURE LIMITER VALVES
ASME B40.6 FIGURES
97 1 SCOPE
2 PRESSURE LIMITER VALVES, GENERAL
2.1 Purpose
2.2 Principle of Operation
2.3 Pressure Limiter Valve Terminology
98 3 CONSTRUCTION
3.1 Piston Type
3.2 Diaphragm Type
3.3 Relief Valve Type
3.4 Bellows Type
1 Piston Type
99 4 SELECTION OF PRESSURE LIMITER VALVES
4.1 System Pressure
4.2 Closing Range
4.3 Reopening Pressure
4.4 Materials of Construction
2 Diaphragm Type
100 3 Relief Valve Type
4 Bellows Type
101 4.5 Pulsation/Surge Dampening
4.6 Repeatability of Closing Pressure
4.7 Rate of Pressure Change
4.8 External Venting
4.9 Suspended Solids
5 INSTALLATION
5.1 Connections
5.2 Methods of Installation
5.3 Setting Pressure Limiter Valves
5.3.1 Supplier-Recommended Procedures.
5.3.2 Rate of Pressure Change.
5.3.3 Medium.
5.3.4 Supplier Preset Valves.
6 SAFETY
6.1 Scope
6.2 General Discussion
6.2.1 Planning.
6.2.2 Hazardous Systems and/or Conditions.
102 6.2.3 Unique Media.
6.2.4 Violent Effects.
6.2.5 Modes of Failure
6.2.5.1 Fatigue Failure.
6.2.5.2 Over-Pressure Failure.
6.2.5.3 Chemical Failures
6.2.5.4 Explosive Failure.
6.3 Reuse of Pressure Limiter Valves
6.3.1 Chemical Incompatibility.
6.3.2 Corrosion/Chemical Attack.
7 TESTING
7.1 General
7.2 Warning
103 7.3 Evaluation Procedures
7.3.1 Nondestructive Tests
7.3.1.1 Repeatability of Closing Pressure.
7.3.1.2 Reopening Pressure.
7.3.1.3 Closing Pressure Versus Rate of Pressure Change.
7.3.1.4 Over-Range Pressure Test.
7.3.1.5 Proof Pressure Test.
7.3.2 Destructive Tests
7.3.2.1 Burst Pressure Test.
7.3.2.2 Rupture Pressure Test.
7.3.2.3 Fatigue.
104 ASME B40.7 GAUGES: PRESSURE DIGITAL INDICATING
ASME B40.7 TABLES
105 1 SCOPE
2 TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS
108 3 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
3.1 Case Types and Sizes
3.1.1 Round Flush/Surface Mounting.
3.1.2 Rectangular Mounting.
3.2 Units and Ranges
3.2.1 Common Units.
109 3.2.2 Typical Ranges.
3.2.3 Full-Scale Range.
3.3 Display Types
3.3.1 Liquid Crystal LCD.
1 Round Flush/Surface Mounting Dimensions (Sizes shown are identical to B40.1 dimensions)
110 3.3.2 Light Emitting Diode LED.
3.3.3 Vacuum Fluorescent.
3.4 Transducer Types
3.4.1 Resistive Strain Gauge/ Piezoresistive.
3.4.2 Optical.
3.4.3 Capacitive.
3.4.4 Inductive.
3.4.5 Resonant Frequency.
3.4.6 Hall Effect.
3.5 Input Power
3.6 Pressure Connection
3.7 Accuracy
3.7.1 General.
2 Round Flush/Surface Mounting Dimensions (DIN Equivalent)
3 Rectangular Case Dimensions (DIN Equivalent)
111 3.7.2 Format.
3.7.3 Factors Which May Affect Accuracy.
3.7.3.1 Linearity.
3.7.3.1.1 Linearity, Independent.
3.7.3.1.2 Linearity, Terminal Based.
3.7.3.1.3 Linearity, Zero Based.
3.7.3.2 Hysteresis.
3.7.3.3 Repeatability.
3.7.3.4 Display Resolution.
ASME B40.7 FIGURE
1 Accuracy
112 3.7.3.5 Temperature.
3.7.3.5.1 Ambient Temperature Compensation.
3.7.3.6 Drift Long-Term Stability.
3.7.3.7 Warmup Time.
3.7.3.8 Zero Adjustment.
3.7.3.9 Other Factors.
3.8 Selection and Options
3.8.1 Selection.
3.8.2 Options.
3.8.3 Grade.
3.9 Installation
4 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 Scope
113 4.2 General Discussion
4.2.1 Planning.
4.2.2 Safety.
4.2.3 Elastic Element Transducer.
4.2.4 Hazardous Systems and/or Conditions.
4.2.5 Unique Media.
4.2.6 Violent Effects.
4.2.7 Modes of Pressure Gauge Failure
4.2.7.1 Fatigue Failure.
4.2.7.2 Overpressure Failure.
4.2.7.3 Corrosion Failure.
114 4.2.7.4 Explosive Failure.
4.2.7.5 Vibration Failure.
4.2.7.6 Vibration-Induced Fatigue Failure.
4.2.7.7 General Electronics Failure.
4.2.8 Pressure Connection.
4.3 Safety Recommendations
4.3.1 Operating Pressure.
4.3.2 Use of Gauges Near Zero Pressure.
4.3.3 Compatibility With the Medium.
4.3.4 Use of Gauge in Hazardous Environment.
4.3.5 Electromagnetic Interference.
4.3.6 Power Requirements.
4.3.7 Loss of Power.
4.4 Reuse of Pressure Gauges
4.4.1 Consideration for Reuse.
4.4.2 Other Considerations.
115 5 CLEANLINESS
5.1 General
5.2 Cleanliness Levels
5.2.1 Oxygen Gauge.
5.3 Inspection for Cleanliness
5.4 Packaging
6 TEST PROCEDURES
6.1 Scope
4 Cleanliness Levels
116 6.1.1 Calibration Standards.
6.1.2 Manometers and Piston Gages.
6.1.3 Gauges as Standards.
6.1.4 Reference Temperature.
6.1.5 Reference Barometric Pressure.
6.2 Accuracy
6.2.1 Purpose.
6.2.2 Procedure.
6.3 Repeatability
6.3.1 Purpose.
6.3.2 Procedure.
6.4 Hysteresis
6.4.1 Purpose.
6.4.2 Hysteresis.
6.5 Ambient Temperature Error
6.5.1 Purpose.
6.5.2 Procedure.
117 6.6 Storage Temperature
6.6.1 Purpose.
6.6.2 Procedure.
6.7 Vibration
6.7.1 Purpose.
6.7.2 Procedure.
6.7.3 Exploratory Vibration Tests.
6.7.4 Endurance Test.
7 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
5 Vibration Test Amplitudes

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